Ingeology, rock or stone is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids.
How many kinds of stone do you know?
I am familiar as three types of stones, granite, marble, diamond in the world auqnue many more types of stone.
What characteristics do stones have?
The stones are a hard material, which can havedifferent sizes, shapes, thickness.It depends on the stone and the amount will be more fragile or more resistant
Why are stones used in construction?
Stone has many advantages for use in construction. When structures are built correctly (providing a foundation for the structure; drainage if necessary; mortar between stone, etc) stone structures can have long lifetimes. Some roads, particularly those in historical districts, were paved with different types of stone or brick and are still intact. Also many historical buildings, such as the Washington Monument have proven resilient against natural weathering and damage--although maintenance has been necessary throughout the monument's lifetime due to the effects of acidity in rain on marble.
Read the text Stones and look for the following information stones.pdf
Find 2 definitions in the text
1. The strongest and most suitable stonework for monumental architecture is ashlar masonry, which consists of regularly cut blocks (usually rectangular).
2. The entablatures (the upper sections of a classical order that rest on the capital of a column).
Find 2 statements of comparison and contrast
1. In most areas where stone is available, it has been favoured over other materials for the construction of monumental architecture. Its advantages are durability, adaptability to sculptural treatment, and the fact that it can be used in modest structures in its natural state. But it is difficult to quarry, transport, and cut, and its weakness is tension limits its use for beams, lintels, and floor supports.
2. Many stones are strong enough to provide monolithic supports
(column and piers) and beams (lintels); and in some styles stone slabs
are employed even for roofing.
Find 2 statements expressing cause and effect
1. The entablatures (the upper sections of a classical order that rest on the capital of a column) of an ancient Greek temple, for example, were bonded by small bronze dowels. But the weight creates problems of stability when loads push at an angle; stone vaults and arches require more support and buttressing than equivalent forms in other materials.
2. The best stone (and brick) bonding is that in which blocks are placed so that the vertical joints in one course are not about the joints in the course above and below, since the stone resists deformation better than any bonding material.
Find 2 adjectives in the superlative form and 2 in the comparative form.
1. The strongest and most suitable stonework for monumental architecture is ashlar masonry. (Superlative)
2. Since the stone resists deformation better than any bonding material.(Comparative)
3. Although it has generally been replaced as a structural material by cheaper and more efficient manufactured products.(Comparative)
4. The simplest and cheapest stonework is rubble.(Superlative)
Stone
- What are stones?
In geology, rock or stone is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids.- How many kinds of stone do you know?
I am familiar as three types of stones, granite, marble, diamond in the world auqnue many more types of stone.- What characteristics do stones have?
The stones are a hard material, which can have different sizes, shapes, thickness. It depends on the stone and the amount will be more fragile or more resistant- Why are stones used in construction?
Stone has many advantages for use in construction. When structures are built correctly (providing a foundation for the structure; drainage if necessary; mortar between stone, etc) stone structures can have long lifetimes. Some roads, particularly those in historical districts, were paved with different types of stone or brick and are still intact. Also many historical buildings, such as the Washington Monument have proven resilient against natural weathering and damage--although maintenance has been necessary throughout the monument's lifetime due to the effects of acidity in rain on marble.Read the text Stones and look for the following information stones.pdf
- Find 2 definitions in the text
- 1. The strongest and most suitable stonework for monumental architecture is ashlar masonry, which consists of regularly cut blocks (usually rectangular).
- 2. The entablatures (the upper sections of a classical order that rest on the capital of a column).
- Find 2 statements of comparison and contrast
1. In most areas where stone is available, it has been favoured over other materials for the construction of monumental architecture. Its advantages are durability, adaptability to sculptural treatment, and the fact that it can be used in modest structures in its natural state. But it is difficult to quarry, transport, and cut, and its weakness is tension limits its use for beams, lintels, and floor supports.